Mitundu yoyera ya LED: Njira zazikulu zamaukadaulo za LED yoyera pakuwunikira ndi: ① Blue LED + mtundu wa phosphor;②Mtundu wa RGB LED;③ Ultraviolet LED + mtundu wa phosphor.

1. Kuwala kwa buluu - Chip cha LED + mtundu wa phosphor wachikasu wobiriwira kuphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phosphor ndi mitundu ina.

Phosphor yachikasu yobiriwira imatenga mbali ya kuwala kwa buluu kuchokera ku chipangizo cha LED kuti ipange photoluminescence.Mbali ina ya kuwala kwa buluu kuchokera ku chipangizo cha LED imafalitsidwa kudzera mu phosphor wosanjikiza ndikuphatikizana ndi kuwala kwachikasu kobiriwira komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi phosphor pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za danga.Zowala zofiira, zobiriwira ndi zabuluu zimasakanizidwa kuti zikhale zoyera;Mwa njira iyi, mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa kutembenuka kwa phosphor photoluminescence, imodzi mwazochita zakunja zakunja, sizidzapitirira 75%;ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala kochokera ku chip kumatha kufika pafupifupi 70%.Chifukwa chake, mongoyerekeza, kuwala koyera kwamtundu wa buluu Kuwala kowala kwa LED sikudutsa 340 Lm/W.M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, CREE idafika 303Lm/W.Ngati zotsatira za mayeso ndi zolondola, ndi bwino kukondwerera.

2. Red, wobiriwira ndi buluu atatu choyambirira mtundu kuphatikizaMitundu ya RGB LEDkuphatikizaRGBW- Mitundu ya LED, ndi zina.

R-LED (yofiyira) + G-LED (yobiriwira) + B-LED (buluu) ma diodi atatu otulutsa kuwala amaphatikizidwa pamodzi, ndipo mitundu itatu yoyambirira ya kuwala kofiira, kobiriwira ndi buluu komwe kumatuluka imasakanizidwa mwachindunji mumlengalenga kuti ikhale yoyera. kuwala.Kuti apange kuwala koyera kowoneka bwino motere, choyamba, ma LED amitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka ma LED obiriwira, ayenera kukhala owunikira bwino.Izi zitha kuwoneka chifukwa chakuti kuwala kobiriwira kumakhala pafupifupi 69% ya "kuwala koyera kwa isoenergy".Pakalipano, kuwala kowala kwa ma LED a buluu ndi ofiira kwakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, ndi mphamvu zamkati zamkati zopitirira 90% ndi 95% motsatira, koma mphamvu zamkati zamkati za LED zobiriwira zimatsalira kumbuyo.Chodabwitsa ichi cha kuwala kochepa kobiriwira kwa ma LED opangidwa ndi GaN kumatchedwa "gap green light."Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti ma LED obiriwira sanapezebe zinthu zawo za epitaxial.Zida zomwe zilipo kale za phosphorous arsenic nitride zili ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri mumtundu wachikasu wobiriwira.Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zofiira kapena zabuluu za epitaxial kupanga ma LED obiriwira kudzakhala Pansi pa kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamakono, chifukwa palibe kutayika kwa phosphor kutembenuka, kuwala kobiriwira kwa LED kumakhala ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri kuposa kuwala kwa buluu + phosphor wobiriwira.Amanenedwa kuti kuwala kwake kowala kumafika pa 291Lm/W pansi pa 1mA yomwe ilipo pano.Komabe, kuwala kowala kwa kuwala kobiriwira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha Droop effect kumatsika kwambiri pamafunde akulu.Pamene kachulukidwe wamakono akuwonjezeka, kuwala kowala kumatsika mofulumira.Pa 350mA pano, kuwala kowala ndi 108Lm/W.Pansi pamikhalidwe ya 1A, kuwala kowala kumachepa.ku 66Lm/W.

Kwa ma phosphides a Gulu lachitatu, kutulutsa kuwala mu gulu lobiriwira kwakhala chopinga chachikulu pamachitidwe azinthu.Kusintha kapangidwe ka AlInGaP kotero kuti imatulutsa zobiriwira m'malo mofiira, lalanje kapena chikasu kumapangitsa kukhala m'ndende yosakwanira yonyamula katundu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa dongosolo lazinthu, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyambiranso bwino kwa ma radiation.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zimakhala zovuta kuti III-nitrides akwaniritse bwino kwambiri, koma zovutazo sizingathetsedwe.Pogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi, kukulitsa kuwala kwa gulu la kuwala kobiriwira, zinthu ziwiri zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwachangu ndi: kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya kunja kwa quantum ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.Kutsika kwa magwiridwe antchito akunja kumabwera chifukwa chakuti ngakhale kusiyana kwa gulu lobiriwira kumakhala kotsika, ma LED obiriwira amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi akutsogolo a GaN, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yosinthira mphamvu ichepe.Choyipa chachiwiri ndichakuti kuwala kwa LED kobiriwira kumachepa pomwe kachulukidwe ka jakisoni akuchulukira ndipo amagwidwa ndi droop effect.Mphamvu ya Droop imapezekanso mu ma LED a buluu, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu mu ma LED obiriwira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika kogwira ntchito kwamakono.Komabe, pali malingaliro ambiri okhudzana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kugwa, osati kungophatikizanso kwa Auger - kumaphatikizapo kusuntha, kusefukira kwa chonyamulira kapena kutayikira kwa ma elekitironi.Zotsirizirazi zimakulitsidwa ndi gawo lamagetsi lamphamvu lamkati lamagetsi.

Choncho, njira yowonjezeretsa kuwala kwa ma LED obiriwira: kumbali imodzi, phunzirani momwe mungachepetsere mphamvu ya Droop pansi pa zinthu zomwe zilipo epitaxial kuti mukhale ndi kuwala;Kumbali inayi, gwiritsani ntchito kutembenuka kwa photoluminescence kwa ma LED a buluu ndi phosphors wobiriwira kuti atulutse kuwala kobiriwira.Njirayi imatha kupeza kuwala kobiriwira kowoneka bwino, komwe mwapang'onopang'ono kungathe kukwaniritsa kuwala kwapamwamba kuposa kuwala koyera komweko.Ndi kuwala kobiriwira kosasinthika, ndipo kuchepa kwa chiyero cha mtundu chifukwa cha kufalikira kwake sikoyenera kuwonetsera, koma sikoyenera kwa anthu wamba.Palibe vuto pakuwunikira.Mphamvu yobiriwira yobiriwira yomwe imapezeka ndi njirayi ili ndi mwayi wokhala wamkulu kuposa 340 Lm / W, koma sichidzapitirira 340 Lm / W mutagwirizanitsa ndi kuwala koyera.Chachitatu, pitilizani kufufuza ndikupeza zida zanu za epitaxial.Mwa njira iyi yokha, pali kuwala kwa chiyembekezo.Popeza kuwala kobiriwira komwe kuli kopitilira 340 Lm/w, kuwala koyera kophatikizidwa ndi ma LED atatu oyambira amitundu yofiira, yobiriwira ndi yabuluu kumatha kukhala apamwamba kuposa malire owoneka bwino a 340 Lm/w a ma LED amtundu wa blue chip. .W.

3. Ultraviolet LEDchip + maphosphor atatu amtundu woyamba amatulutsa kuwala.

Cholakwika chachikulu cha mitundu iwiri yomwe ili pamwambapa ya ma LED oyera ndikugawa kwamalo kofanana kwa kuwala ndi chromaticity.Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet sikungawoneke ndi maso a munthu.Chifukwa chake, kuwala kwa ultraviolet kukatuluka mu chip, kumatengedwa ndi phosphor yamitundu itatu yayikulu muzoyika zoyikapo, ndipo imasinthidwa kukhala kuwala koyera ndi photoluminescence ya phosphors, kenako imatulutsidwa mumlengalenga.Uwu ndiye mwayi wake waukulu, monga nyali zachikhalidwe za fulorosenti, ilibe kusalingana kwamitundu.Komabe, kuwala koyerekeza kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet chip white light LED sikungakhale kokwera kuposa mtengo woyerekeza wa kuwala kwa blue chip white, osasiyapo mtengo woyerekeza wa kuwala koyera kwa RGB.Komabe, pokhapokha popanga ma phosphor amitundu itatu yamtundu wamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri omwe ali oyenera kusangalatsa kwa ultraviolet pomwe titha kupeza ma LED oyera a ultraviolet omwe ali pafupi kapena aluso kuposa ma LED awiri oyera omwe ali pamwambapa.Kuyandikira kwa ma LED a buluu a ultraviolet ndiko, ndizotheka kwambiri.Chokulirapo ndi, ma LED oyera apakati-wave ndi mafunde afupiafupi a UV sizotheka.